ʻO ka media fiber optic kekahi mea hoʻolaha pūnaewele e hoʻohana maʻamau i ke aniani, a i ʻole ka fiber plastic i kekahi mau hihia kūikawā, e hoʻouna i ka ʻikepili pūnaewele ma ke ʻano o nā pulu māmā.I loko o nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala iho nei, ua lilo ka fiber optical i mea kaulana loa o ka media hoʻouna pūnaewele ʻoiai ke hoʻomau nei ka pono o ka bandwidth kiʻekiʻe a me ka lōʻihi.
ʻOkoʻa ka ʻenehana fiber optic i kāna hana ma mua o ka media keleawe maʻamau no ka mea ʻo ka hoʻouna ʻana he "digital" māmā pulse ma mua o nā hoʻololi uila uila.ʻO ka maʻalahi loa, hoʻopili ka fiber optic i nā mea a me nā zero o kahi hoʻoili pūnaewele kikohoʻe ma ka hoʻohuli ʻana a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā pulu kukui o kahi kumu kukui laser, o kahi hawewe i hāʻawi ʻia, ma nā alapine kiʻekiʻe loa.ʻO ke kumu māmā he laser a i ʻole kekahi ʻano Light-Emitting Diode (LED).Hoʻopili ʻia ke kukui mai ke kumu kukui ma ke ʻano o ka ʻikepili i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.Hele ke kukui i loko o ka fiber a hiki i ka hōʻailona kukui i kona wahi i manaʻo ʻia a heluhelu ʻia e ka mea ʻike maka.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā kaula fiber optic no hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā lōʻihi nalu o ka mālamalama.ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka nalu o kekahi kumu kukui, ʻo ia ka lōʻihi, i ana ʻia i nā nanometer (billionths o ka mika, i hoʻopau ʻia "nm"), ma waena o nā piko nalu ma kahi nalu māmā maʻamau mai kēlā kumu kukui.Hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo i ka lōʻihi nalu e like me ke kala o ke kukui, a ua like ia me ka wikiwiki o ka mālamalama i puʻunaue ʻia e ka alapine.I ka hihia o Single-Mode Fiber (SMF), hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia nā lōʻihi hawewe like ʻole o ke kukui ma luna o ka fiber optical like i kēlā me kēia manawa.He mea pono kēia no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hiki ke hoʻouna i ke kaula fiber optic no ka mea he hōʻailona ʻokoʻa kēlā me kēia nalu o ka mālamalama.No laila, hiki ke lawe ʻia nā hōʻailona he nui ma luna o ke kaula o ka fiber optical.Pono kēia i nā lasers a me nā mea ʻike a kapa ʻia ʻo Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM).
ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻohana nā fiber optical i nā nalu nalu ma waena o 850 a me 1550 nm, ma muli o ke kumu kukui.ʻO ke kikoʻī, hoʻohana ʻia ka Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) ma 850 a i ʻole 1300 nm a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka SMF ma 1310, 1490, a me 1550 nm (a, ma nā ʻōnaehana WDM, i nā nalu a puni kēia mau nalu mua).Ke hoʻonui nei ka ʻenehana hou i kēia i ka 1625 nm no SMF e hoʻohana ʻia ana no ka hanauna hou Passive Optical Networks (PON) no nā noi FTTH (Fiber-To-The-Home).ʻOi aku ka māmā o ke aniani ma muli o ka silica i kēia mau nalu nalu, a no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana (he emi ka attenuation o ka hōʻailona) ma kēia pae.No kahi kuhikuhi, ʻike ʻia (ke kukui āu e ʻike ai) loaʻa nā nalu nalu ma waena o 400 a me 700 nm.ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kumu kukui fiber optic e hana ana i loko o ka laulā infrared kokoke (ma waena o 750 a me 2500 nm).ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ke kukui infrared, akā he kumu kukui fiber optic maikaʻi loa ia.
ʻO ka fiber multimode ka mea maʻamau 50/125 a me 62.5/125 i ka hana.ʻO ia ke ʻano o ka nui o ke anawaena o ka cladding he 50 microns a 125 microns a me 62.5 microns a 125 microns.Nui nā ʻano o ka multimode fiber patch cable i loaʻa i kēia lā, ʻo ka mea maʻamau he multimode sc patch cable fiber, LC, ST, FC, ect.
Manaʻo kōkua: ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kumu kukui fiber optic hiki ke hana i loko o ke kikoʻī o ka nalu ʻike ʻia a ma luna o ka laulā o nā lōʻihi hawewe, ʻaʻole i ka lōʻihi hawewe kikoʻī.ʻO nā Lasers (hoʻonui māmā e ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka radiation) a me nā LED e hoʻopuka i ka mālamalama i kahi kikoʻī liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka nalu hoʻokahi.
'Ōlelo Aʻo: ʻO nā kumu kukui laser i hoʻohana ʻia me nā uwea fiber optic (e like me nā uwea OM3) he mea weliweli loa ia i kou ʻike.ʻO ka nānā pono ʻana i ka hope o kahi fiber optical ola hiki ke hōʻeha nui i kāu retinas.Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana makapō mau loa.Mai nānā i ka hope o kahi uwea fiber optic me ka ʻike mua ʻole ʻaʻohe kumu kukui.
ʻO ka attenuation o nā fiber optical (ʻo SMF a me MMF) he haʻahaʻa i nā lōʻihi hawewe lōʻihi.ʻO ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kamaʻilio ʻana ma 1310 a me 1550 nm mau nalu ma luna o SMF.Loaʻa i nā fiber optical maʻamau ka attenuation nui ma 1385 nm.ʻO kēia kiʻekiʻe o ka wai ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi loa (ma ka hapa o ka miliona miliona) o ka wai i hoʻohui ʻia i ka wā hana.ʻO ka mea kikoʻī, he mole -OH(hydroxyl) i loaʻa i kona ʻano haʻalulu ma ka hawewe 1385 nm;no laila ke hāʻawi nei i kahi attenuation kiʻekiʻe ma kēia lōʻihi nalu.Ma ka mōʻaukala, ua hana nā ʻōnaehana kamaʻilio ma kēlā ʻaoʻao kēia ʻaoʻao o kēia piko.
Ke hōʻea nā puʻupuʻu māmā i kahi e hele ai, lawe ka mea ʻike i ke alo a i ʻole ka ʻole o ka hōʻailona kukui a hoʻololi i nā pulu o ke kukui i nā hōʻailona uila.ʻOi aku ka nui o ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o ka hōʻailona māmā a kū i nā palena, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nalowale o ka hōʻailona (attenuation).Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻo kēlā me kēia mea hoʻohui fiber optic ma waena o ke kumu hōʻailona a me kahi e hele ai e hōʻike i ka hiki ke nalowale i ka hōʻailona.No laila, pono e hoʻokomo pono i nā mea hoʻohui i kēlā me kēia pili.Nui nā ʻano mea hoʻohui fiber optic i loaʻa i kēia lā.ʻO nā mea maʻamau: ST, SC, FC, MT-RJ a me nā mea hoʻohui kaila LC.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau ʻano mea hoʻohui me ka multimode a i ʻole ka fiber mode hoʻokahi.
Hoʻohana ka hapa nui o nā ʻōnaehana hoʻouna fiber LAN/WAN i hoʻokahi fiber no ka hoʻouna ʻana a hoʻokahi no ka hoʻokipa.Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka ʻenehana hou ke hoʻouna i kahi mea hoʻouna fiber optic e hoʻouna i ʻelua ʻaoʻao ma luna o ke kaula fiber like (e laʻa,pasive cwdm muxme ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana WDM).ʻAʻole keʻakeʻa kekahi i kekahi i nā nalu hawewe like ʻole no ka mea ua hoʻolohe ʻia nā mea ʻike e heluhelu wale i nā nalu kikoʻī.No laila, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā lōʻihi nalu āu e hoʻouna ai ma luna o kahi kaula o ka fiber optical, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea ʻike āu e pono ai.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-03-2021